Korean jewelry, adornment of the human body. From the stone age to present time, it is served as a religion belief of keeping off evil to adding beauty to women. Jewelry never goes out of our life. Today, jewelry industry development is reaching the peak that make us so impressive from luxurious delicately crafted jewelry to more common fashion jewelry, form titanium jewelry to home made jewelry. Fashion jewelry is the most popular jewelry that is favored by its grace and elegance that can almost compare to the deluxe custom made jewelry. Through research both on line and off line, I found the main kinds of Korean jewelry in 2009 are Hand craft jewelry, jewelry for special event wearing, ewelry of bold statement, leisure jewelry, men’s jewelry .

Hand craft jewelry – DIY your own jewelry. It’s not such a hard thing to home made jewelry. The fact is that jewelry like beaded necklace, bracelet and anklet are quite easy to make. Collect your necessary materials like beads, string and other adornments. Some times you may need to do a little polish and design plan to make a good-looking home made jewelry. This kind of activity enrich your spare time and is more interesting and meaningful if conducted with the family group or in a party.
Jewelry for special event. There are some kinds of jewelry that are designed to be worn in a certain events like a wedding or party. A kind of wedding brooch is crafted for bridesmaids in wedding festival. This brooch takes a shape of flower or leave and adorned by pearls. Want some special treat in your birthday party? There are LED jewelry that emit colorful light, best as party supplier to add joy and fun.

Jewelry of bold statement. This kind of jewelry convey one simple theme – love. An engagement ring simply reflects how this kind of jewelry can be use. Most bold statement jewelry features designer-inspired form, eye-catching appearance and the strong feeling of affection. Such as a ring embedded with large gemstone or gold or sterling silver necklace. A jewelry of bold statement is an excellent idea for wedding wearing, birthday party gift, valentine expression and promise gift.

korean jewelry, loved by ladies, is referring to the kind of jewelry that have the pure sense of beauty. Besides eye catching there are two other benefits of leisure jewelry that are mostly overlooked.

Men’s jewelry. Jewelry are exclusively used by women no more. There are kinds of jewelry for man. Men’s ring, men’s bracelet and men’s cross necklace. Now it’s usual to see men wear such kinds of jewelry on street either for religious reasons or pursuit of fashion

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If you’re a hiker, climber, or adventurer, then Obama is just the shoes company for you. If you ever feared that your shoes couldn’t keep up with you, your problems will end with Obama shoes. Even Steve Erwin, the late crocodile hunter, always wore a pair of trusty Obama shoes on his hunts and safaris. If these shoes can serve him well while hiking the treacherous Amazon, journeying the Australian outback, walking through the African savannah, and even help in the task of wrestling crocodiles, think of what these shoes could do for you!

Since Obama has recently started to making Obama basketball shoes as well. If you are a person loving sports, Obama basketball shoes can satisfy you, too. If you’re more of a formal person, Obama can also suit you. Their shoes are of the highest quality and will make a good appearance at any dinner or business meeting. Obama formal wear is made to impress. Cendaktrading.com can offer you high quality but low price Obama shoes.

Article source: Online New Style, fashion Life and Jewelry Talk.

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Omega seamaster, one of the leading names in high-end watches had humble beginnings. It all started in 1848 by owner Louis Brandt. After years of hand assembling pocket watches, Brandt’s sons officially named the company Omega in 1894. The brand became quite famous among the stars of screen and stage. Omega was even the watch of choice for James Bond.

This Omega Seamaster comes with a bevy of features. It has an adjustable clasp band, made from the finest stainless steel. The watch face and hands are all hand placed, for the accurate timing the Swiss are famous for. The dial window is made of reinforced glass, and has an anti-reflective coating. Since this was made for boaters, it also has a level of water resistance. Up to 500 feet deep, and this timepiece keeps going. And don’t forget the most famous feature, this watch is self-winding. Just a normal 8 hour day of wear winds the gears, and builds up a 44 hour reserve, ensuring your timing is always right on.

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Abstract: Flexible plastic packaging is gradually taking the place of traditional glassware packaging in cosmetic industry. However the in some aspects the performance of flexible plastic is not as good as glassware. How to ensure the quality of cosmetic packaging? This paper will introduce cosmetic packaging, and the factors influencing the preservation and marketing of cosmetics. Respectively advices will be given.
Key Words: cosmetics, barrier, headspace, sealing, pressure-sensitive adhesive

Equal-pressure method was gradually developed in the 1970s to determine oxygen permeability of packaging materials. Although equal-pressure method has limitation in its actual application and still needs improvement to challenge the fundamental position of differential-pressure method in gas permeability testing, it possesses test advantages of its own, which expand the application fields of equal-pressure method.

1.Factors Influencing the Preservation of Cosmetics and Relevant Tests

Apparently the most significant function of cosmetic packaging is to preserve the content. There are lots of ingredients agreeable to the propagation of microorganism in cosmetics, such as glycerin and protein. When cosmetics have already been contaminated by microorganism (smelly, deteriorated and mildewed), water and oxygen became the factors influencing the growth of microorganism. Most cosmetics contain lipid, and the unsaturated bond in lipid can very easily go bad and rancid. Moreover this is a chain reaction, if one small part goes bad the whole entity will soon completely be rancid. Peroxide, acid and aldehyde will be generated, which release strong odor. Oxygen is the most important external cause; there won’t be any rancidification if there is no oxygen. The increase of water will also cause hydrolyzation and accelerate the autoxidation. Water also provides the living environment for microorganism, and weakens the vitality of some antioxidant. The preservation of fragrant odor is the significance of cosmetic packaging. To some cosmetics, the fragrant odor is the ‘product’. If the fragrance is gone, the product will be gone as well. Thus to keep the fragrance is the most important task to some cosmetics.

It can be seen that antiseptic, antioxidant treatment and the preservation of fragrance is the key point of cosmetic packaging. Following tests should be done: air permeation test, package internal air volume test, package entity test. These test can also be seen as the barrier property test of package materials, the head space analysis and the sealing test of packages.

1.1 Barrier Property

Barrier property refers to the barrier performance of materials against penetrant air or liquid. The strength of barrier property can directly influence the quality of product during its guarantee period. It is also an important index to assess the guarantee period. The barrier property of cosmetic packages is one of the most important tests. It includes the oxygen permeation rate, vapor permeation rate and organic gas permeation rate.

Oxygen permeation rate is mainly applied to the tests of cosmetic package use film, multilayer film, package bags or bottles. At the moment there are only two methods to test the oxygen permeation rate—differential pressure method and equal pressure method. They are both able to test the permeation rate of film and whole packages, though they share different advantages. Differential pressure method has no requirement for test gas. It can be used to test the permeation rate of any gas. However it is still at the primary stage of package container test. Equal pressure method is maturely used in film test and containers test, such as Labthink PERMETMOX2/230 Oxygen Permeation Rate Tester. The test method has requirement for test gas.

Vapor permeation rate test is mainly used in cosmetic package film, bottle, bag and other containers. By testing the vapor permeation rate, production technique index can be controlled and adjusted to satisfy the requirement of different products. Weighing method and sensor method can both test the vapor permeation rate of films and packages. But considering the test efficiency, sensor method is more developed in packaging test, such as the Labthink PERMETM W3/330 Vapor Permeation Test System.

Actually preservation of fragrance test is just the organic gas permeation rate test. This test is very important to cosmetic packages because fragrance is the point of most products. Losing the fragrance means losing the products’ market share. In a global view the test of fragrance preservation is still in the development stage. The new tester made by Labthink, PERMETM OR2/410 Organic Gas Permeation Test, can test organic gas permeation rate by creating an organic gas concentration difference on the two sides of test material. The test can be done in room temperature. It is based on the permeation volume of organic gas to calculate the rate.

1.2    Sealing Performance

Sealing performance refers to the test of whether there is a leakage point on packages or not. Leakage can be leaking into the package or out of the package. It appears by small crack on materials, small holes or the joining place between two pieces of materials. The hot sealing and the bottle mouth are the two most likely places to have leakage. Strict production technique and tests are necessary to solve leakage. Usually there are two methods to test: positive pressure method and negative pressure method. Positive pressure method occupied wide attention because it is not only able to test the sealing performance of ordinary packages, but also able to test additional samples by using add-ons. Such as Labthink PARAMTM LSSD-01 Leakage and Sealing Performance Strength Tester, it can test flexible tubes, blow head, bottle cap, bags’ sealing and so on.

1.3 Head Space Air Analysis

There is always a small volume of air in packages when cosmetics packaging is finished. That air is very difficult to control or change since it was packed until the product is opened. Barrier packaging material can only obstruct the air permeation, rather than remove the air inside the bags such as oxygen (excluding the deoxidization technology). If the remaining air volume exceeded the maximum allowance of product reservation, the guarantee period will not be reached no matter how good is the barrier material or how well the container is packaged. Thus the remaining air in cosmetic products should be tested and adjusting should be made.

Labthink PARAMTM HGA-01 Head Space Air Analyzer is capable to conduct the remaining air test. It can be used to test the oxygen and carbon dioxide volume and proportion in airtight packages, bottles and cans. It’s able to test the air composition quickly and accurately in production line, storage, labs and so forth places, and therefore guarantee the production and product safety.

2. The Marketing Factors and the Appearance Test of Cosmetics Packaging

The appearance of cosmetic packages may directly influence consumers’ recognition to the brand and its product quality. Usually first class cosmetics have first class packaging; every cosmetic brand puts lots of effort into its product packaging to ensure the product quality, its beauty and convenience as well. From the consumer perspective, the printing, easiness of opening, the touch of package surface and exterior design are all important factors to be considered when they are choosing a product. Except exterior design, all the other factors are closely related with the performance test of packaging materials.

2.1 Printing Quality

Cosmetic packages are usually delicately printed for visual enjoyment; therefore to test the quality of printings is fairly important. The routine tests for current cosmetic packaging are ink abrasion performance (anti-scratching), ink fastness performance and color differentiation. Among above tests, the fastness test and color differentiation can be tested by conventional methods. The abrasion test in China shares a different method with the international society. Chinese standard requires loaded block straight line test, but international standard requires loaded block curve line test such as ASTM D5264 (Labthink PARAMTM RT-01 Abrasion Tester). Testers should consider importer’s need and acquire designated test method.

2.2 Adhesive Tag Test

Adhesive is widely applied in cosmetic packaging. The test items aim at the performance of pressure sensitive adhesive, which mainly are first attachment adhesive performance, the continuity of adhesive and the peeling strength.

The first attachment test adopts the tilt iron ball rolling test. The method utilizes the adhesiveness between iron ball and pressure sensitive adhesive tap when they reach each other by small pressure and time period. The test uses the biggest iron ball (which can be stuck on the tap) to symbolize the first attachment adhesive performance. The adhesive continuity test is conducted by a hanging test board attached with the sample tap. Some weights are put at the end of the board. The time period of displacement of the sample tap can indicate the adhesive continuity. The peeling strength is an important index to evaluate the adhesiveness. Usually this test can by done by electronic pulling tester or peeling tester.

2.3 Easiness of Opening

Bottle containers are the most common containers in cosmetic packaging. The strength of bottle caps and the torque length are important indexes in production techniques. These indexes have significant influence on transportation and final consumers. The opening and fastening of bottles can be tested by torque tester. This test should be related with sealing performance.

Packages also have wide application in cosmetics, especially in small volume packages. Its easiness of opening is usually decided by the tearing performance, hot sealing performance and the friction index of the material surface. It should be noted that the clamping strength should be strong enough to avoid slipping in tests. However when consumers are opening the packages, if packages’ friction does not go well with the tearing strength (consumer does not provide more strength to tear), slipping can still happen. Comprehensive consideration should be give to both of these indexes when packages are being designed. Simulations should also be done in all kinds of gripping conditions.

3. Summary

Generally speaking, according to the preservation requirements of cosmetics, performance tests include the content preservation and the product appearance tests. Of course basic dynamics requirements should be satisfied. Antisepsis, antioxidant treatment and fragrance preservation are the key point of cosmetic preservation. They are related with the barrier property of materials, headspace air analysis and sealing performance tests. And the appearance of packages can directly affect marketing. Main factors are printings, easiness of opening, the touch of package material surface, and the adhesive test of tags. Knowing the index of packages and their materials, we can avoid some mistakes when we are designing cosmetic packages. The usability, the protection and appearance of package design will also be improved.

Furhter information please feel free to contact Shirley via trade2@labthink.cn or skype:shirley-labthink

About Labthink:

Labthink, the excellent provider of testing instruments and testing services, is devoted to provide most excellent and complete quality control solutions for pharmaceutical, foodstuff, cosmetics, packaging, printing, adhesive, automotive, petrochemistry, environment, biology, new energy, construction, aviation and electronic industries worldwide.

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History of Cartier watches began in 1847, when Louis Francois Cartier came into possession of Jewelry workshop and Watches store of Adolf Picard on Monterrey Street in Paris. In 1874 Alfred Cartier started managing the company, and later his three sons Louis, Pierre and Jacques determined the concepts of Cartier business development to worldwide success. From that time unique Cartier watches and jewelry accessories became vital part of the way of life of successful people, the sign of belonging to elite. These are not simply elegant things from precious stones and metals, but real work of art in miniature. Accessories, which are stored in the firm red leather cases decorated with fine gold braided segments, conquered hearts of Paramours and true gentlemen. Designers and jewelers are constantly searching for new forms for Cartier watches and jewelry; they are true creators and innovators, inventors and splendid masters.

Watches are the inherent and especially important part of Cartier business. The sketches of its first jewelry wristwatch were dated 1853. After fifty four years Louis Cartier concluded the agreement with Alsatian manufacturer Edward Jaeger about exclusive supply of flat clockwork and also mechanisms with the repeater, calendar and chronograph. Maharaja of Patiala, Arab Sheikhs and European Royal Families became lasting clients of the company.

Each new model of Cartier watches at that time was handmade and breakthrough at the designer front. In 1917 square shaped Cartier Tank watch was introduced. Its bent massive rectangle with the strips along the sides housing was inspired by new monstrous weapon for the first time used by British Army on the fields of the First World War. Now Cartier Tank line offers number of varieties.

Top quality housing required top quality mechanisms. And at the beginning of 20′s Cartier started to use movements from the most distinguished Swiss watch companies – Jaeger LeCoultre first, and then Vacheron Constantin, Movado, Patek Philippe.

The first model Cartier Pasha was created by Louis Cartier especially for Pasha of Marrakesh and became the ancestor of the long tradition, which counts already more than seventy years. For a period of decades this sport model knew how to preserve the essence of its unique stylistics expressed in the organic confluence of two (it would seem incompatible concepts) – refinement and masculinity. Today Cartier proposes automatic version of Pasha equipped with new mechanism just 3.85 mm thick supplied by Jaeger LeCoultre. This allowed to make round housing of Cartier Pasha thinner, and diameter was substantially increased to 42 mm. This model preserved most of the characteristics, which made this family the symbol of the entire epoch.

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Today Cartier watches combines unique refinement of French jewelry design with unsurpassed reliability and splendid quality of Swiss watches. Mission of Cartier is to create something new. This approach to production Cartier clearly demonstrates with each next new watch model.

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So you have decided to treat yourself or a loved one to a new watch, so you browse the internet for online retailers. The problem is then what brand and style do you buy with so many available?

Firstly think about where you will be mostly wearing your new purchase, will it be for both work and socialising as an everyday watch or will it be purely for social out of work time.

Once you have worked out the watches intended use will be now you can start identifying what styles will suit you. If you are looking for something that will go nicely with casual clothing then the new range of plastic and silicon colour watches are definitely up to the minute fashion. If you prefer something a bit more restrained then large dialled watches with both leather and metal bracelet straps tend to go well with most forms of casual clothing.

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The other issue is of course what brand to choose, the best thing to do is choose a brand you have either experienced before or read through the free available reviews online, this way you will know what to expect from your purchase. Of course the brand you choose will have a lot to do with their designs but also check the warranties available on the watch because that is normally a way to identify quality, the longer the warranty the better.

When buying your watch online make sure the retailer has a good returns policy and if possible a free delivery service, that way you know that you are getting the best possible price and service. If you have any questions before purchasing be sure to call or email the retailer and if they are the ones to buy from they will supply you with a quick answer.

Best of luck with your new watch purchase and remember if the decision is too hard you can always buy more than one!!

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